Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering

Capillary Pressure and Relative Permeability Model Uncertainties in Simulations of Geological CO2 Sequestration

LU Chuan, LI Long, LIU Yan-guang, WANG Gui-ling

2014, 2(2): 1-17.

Abstract(1901) PDF(846)

Abstract:
Precise descriptions of saturation, capillary pressure and relative permeability s-pc-kr relations are essential for predictions and simulations on multiphase flow system. The primary object of this work is to investigate their influence on geological CO2 sequestration processes. Five types of commonly used s-pc-kr relations are examined in this study. Simulation results show significant influences of s-pc-kr relations on 1) the location and saturation of displacement fronts, 2) buoyancy driven migration speed, 3) horizontal spreading distance and the rate of dissolution of supercritical CO2. The effects of capillary pressure on the horizontal spreading of supercritical CO2 plume and its dissolution rate was resolved in this study for the 1st time in literatures. Simulation results of subsurface CO2 storage suggest that that careful selection of s-pc-kr relations and calibration methods are essential for accurate predictions.

Hydrogeochemical Features of Karst in the Western Thailand

ZHANG Cheng, Mahippong Worakul, WANG Jin-liang, PU Jun-bing, LYU Yong, ZHANG Qiang, HUANG Qi-bo

2014, 2(2): 18-26.

Abstract(681) PDF(835)

Abstract:
The hydrogeochemical features of typical karst region in Western Thailand were discussed based on the high-resolution automatic hydrochemical monitor and karst spring water quality test data. The standard dissolution tablet method was employed to calculate dissolution rate of different lands and main characters and dynamic factors of Thailand karst growth were analyzed. Comparing with the typical karst spring region in the southwest China, karstic water of the Western Thailand has the features of high calcium (100-120 mg/L), high contents of bicarbonate ions (8.6-9.3 mmol/L) and high specific conductance (700-820 μs/cm); the dissolution quantity of soils in the dry season was between 28.95 mg/m2?d and 214.84 mg/m2?d; the annual dissolution quantity was twice-three times greater than that of Jinfo Mountain in Chongqing or Guangxi Mashan County peak cluster depressions, indicating that under the condition of tropical monsoon climate, the karst process in river catchment was significantly stronger than that of subtropical karst region in the southwest China

Prediction of Impacts Caused by South-to-North Water Diversion on Underground Water Level in Shijiazhuang

HAN Kang-qin, LIU Jian, HAN Lei-lei, HAN Wen-ling, ZHANG Yun-xiao

2014, 2(2): 27-33.

Abstract(724) PDF(802)

Abstract:
After implementation of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project which has attracted worldwide attentions, new surface water sources would be added and, accordingly, mining of groundwater for industrial and living water would be reduced to ease the mining pressure of the underground water and abate the decline of the water level in the depression centers of Shijiazhuang and the whole intake area. Numerical model was established in this paper to respectively calculate the underground water level in 2020 based on three schemes including mining status of underground water, urban water resource planning of South-to-North water diversion in Shijiazhuang and Hutuo River infiltration with artificial regulation and storage. It is estimated that after implementation of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, the buried depth of groundwater of depression centers in Shijiazhuang in 2020 will increase by 28.5~41.09 m comparing with that without water supply through South-to-North water diversion

The Formation and Model of High Fluoride Groundwater and In-situ Dispelling Fluoride Assumption in Gaomi City of Shandong Province

GAO Zong-jun, ZHU Zhen-hui, LIU Xiao-di, XU Yan-lan

2014, 2(2): 34-39.

Abstract(791) PDF(788)

Abstract:
The occurrence of fluorosis in Gaomi City is among the highest regions in China. High fluoride groundwater occurrence in Quaternary sediments originated from the weathering residuals of Cretaceous volcano clastic rock. The origin of high fluoride groundwater in Gaomi City was summarized as the following 2 model: one is leaching and enrichment, the other one is evaporation and condensation in alkali condition. Based on the analysis of the local environment and the mechanism of fluoride enrichment, a method of “in-situ dispelling” was proposed and confirmed through laboratory leaching test. This might be economical and feasible method for the removal of fluorine from the local strata

Evaluation on Water Burst (inrush) Risks on 15# Coal Seam Roof of Shigejie Coal Mine of Shaanxi Lu’an Group

CHEN Feng, LI Lian-juan, ZHANG Hao, LI Yan

2014, 2(2): 40-46.

Abstract(825) PDF(725)

Abstract:
Based on the analysis of the hydrogeological conditions and water burst (inrush) conditions on 15# coal seam roof of Shigejie coal mine of Shanxi Lu’an Group, this article evaluated the water burst (inrush) risks on 15# coal seam roof of Shigejie coal mine with the multi-source information composite technology and marked out the zones with medium and small water burst (inrush) risks on 15# coal seam roof of Shigejie coal mine. The targeted water prevention and control measures were proposed in accordance with the results of research evaluation

Research Progress of the Geological Environment in Ecological Planning

YUE Chen, CUI Ya-li, SHAO Jing-li, DONG Xiang, RAO Rong

2014, 2(2): 47-53.

Abstract(654) PDF(893)

Abstract:
The geological environment is the basis of ecological planning. In this article, the factor analysis which was combined by with Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and GIS (geographic information technology) was used. The method sets geological disasters, landform type, surface slope, soil type and erosion as ecological suitability of geology factor; distribution of surface water, precipitation distribution, hydraulic engineering and degree of groundwater development as ecology suitability of water resources. Huairou, which is located in Beijing, was set as an example through the method. The article evaluated the suitability of the geological environment to ecology and solved quantitative description about the key technologies of the degree of influence to ecology which is affected by the geological environment. In the end, a theoretical guidance and a kind of technical method of establishing a scientific ecological planning system and guiding ecological planning were provided

Anticipatory Adaptation Approaches to Climate Change--A Review and Discussion of Southern Australia’s Sustainable Water Management and Its Strategies and Shortcomings

CHEN Qu

2014, 2(2): 54-61.

Abstract(583) PDF(711)

Abstract:
Climate change issues has been discussed and argued for decades. It has been widely recognized that climate change will bring more serious issues to environment vulnerable areas than other areas. Southern Australia is one of the typical examples of vulnerable areas where water deficiency is enhanced by climate change. Although, this area has been successfully adapted with drought environment for decades, those shortcomings of strategies are highlighted by climate change events. In the interests of sustainable water management, Southern Australia’s experiences on possible anticipatory adaptation approaches, especially on mitigation of risks and costs of drought could be expected to provide recommendations to planning and management actions in the future

Application Research of Remote Sensing Technology in Regional Hydrogeological Survey

GUO Qing-shi, ZHOU Zhi-yong, GUO Si-si, HAO Ji-kun

2014, 2(2): 62-67.

Abstract(653) PDF(886)

Abstract:
Regional hydrogeological survey is groundwork for regional water resource development and utilization. In order to promote working efficiency and work cycle of traditional general survey, remote sensing technology is used to obtain the information of the region surveyed, such as landscape, quaternary geology, geological disasters, geologic structure, hydrographic features, etc, thus building diagrams, such as regional remote sensing interpretation geomorphologic map, quaternary geological map, hydrogeologic map, tectonic map, etc. This paper takes application of remote sensing in hydrogeological general survey (revision) of 1:200 000 mountain region in Hebei Province as an example, to systematically introduce technical route and technical method of remote sensing applied in regional hydrogeological survey as well as main content of interpretation. The paper also combines the latest remote sensing technological development to look far ahead into application of remote sensing in regional hydrogeological survey and introduces a new direction

Research on Migration Features of Salt-Fresh Water Interface on the North China Plain

WANG Chun-xiao, ZHANG Zhao-ji, FEI Yu-hong, QIAN Yong

2014, 2(2): 68-79.

Abstract(549) PDF(777)

Abstract:
Underground water is the important water resources for the North China Plain, but due to long-time exhaustive exploitation, a series of problems about environmental geology including salt water migration appears. The salt groundwater that distributed widely moved downward vertically, triggering a strong impact on the water supply safety in this area; simultaneously, its large storage capacity brought great resources potential. Thus it had practical guiding significance to develop research on migration of salt-fresh water interface in the North China Plain and discuss the space distribution and migration features for improvement of groundwater environment and mitigation of water resource shortage status. This paper described migration features of salt-fresh water interface through changes in boundary line of salt water and fresh water and vertical interface of salt water and found out major causes for migration of salt-fresh water interface in the area were water level difference between salt water and fresh water area, saline concentration difference in salt water and fresh water, stratigraphic structure and artificial skylight based on analysis on the influence factors

Feasibility Analysis on Resuming Flow of Large Karst Spring in Heilongdong

BAI Xi-qing, LIU Yan

2014, 2(2): 80-87.

Abstract(585) PDF(888)

Abstract:
Based on discussion about the features of karst groundwater resources distribution of karst water system in Heilongdong Springs and causes of spring groups cutoff and according to current karst groundwater resources and exploitation distribution conditions of coal resources, this paper put forward the measures for protecting groundwater resources, i.e. intensifying plugging of underground coal mine gushing water points, grouting in advance to reinforce the small faults and weak lower confining bed of coal seam and leave sufficient waterproof coal pillars based on adjustment of the water sources for centralized water supply and water supplying and draining and countermeasures of improving use ratio of mine water and replacement of direct exploitation to realize resuming flow of spring groups and sustainable development of groundwater resources and exploitation of coal resources

New Mine Geological Environment Impact Assessment Method

LIU Chang-Rong, HUANG Shuang-Bing, ZHANG Li-Zhong

2014, 2(2): 88-96.

Abstract(700) PDF(776)

Abstract:
Building an assessment framework and corresponding index system applicable to geological environment impact assessment (GEIM) for new mines contributes to supervision and protection of the geological environment of mines. Taking GEIM of a limestone mine to be built in Chongzhou as a case, this study, by making use of analytic hierarchy process and subsequent transformation from qualitative to quantitative variables, established the quantitative assessment and the zoning assessment system in terms of the following four aspects, namely geological environment of the mine, geological disaster risks, the influence of mining on groundwater environment, and its impact on land and landscape resources. The current study employed multi-objective linear weighting function to form mathematical model and then worked out environmental quality scores and the zonations, which were expected to reflect the characteristics of the geological environment of the mine. Besides, the assessment results were analyzed so as to provide important reference for predictions on possible environmental impact brought by the mine and for comprehensive treatment of the geological environment

Using Environmental Isotope Method to Study the Air Temperature Variations of the Earth

Do Van Binh

2014, 2(2): 97-102.

Abstract(500) PDF(728)

Abstract:
Using environmental isotopes to study the variations in air temperature is a relatively new method in Vietnam. This is a new and reliable method. Using environmental isotopes to study the temperature variations in the past and predict the future changes is a matter of being interested and applied. This paper used the results of isotope analysis (T, D, 18O, 13C and 14C) to study the change in temperature of the air environment in the past and then projected to 2050. From contents of isotopes, based on the correlation with temperature, water age we could calculate air temperature conditions in the past and predict future changes. Results from the study showed that about 500 years ago to present, air temperature in Red River area continuously rises and amplitude ranges from 0.05 to 0.06 °C /year. By 2030 the average temperature of the air environment will be 23.75 °C, by 2040 would be 24.10 °C and by 2050 is 25.20 °C

2014 Vol. 2, No. 2

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