Liu Chun-lei; Zheng Jian-hua; Li Zheng-hong; Li Ya-song; Hao Qi-chen; Li Jian-feng

doi:10.19637/j.cnki.2305-7068.2021.04.008

doi: 10.19637/j.cnki.2305-7068.2021.04.008

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-05-04
- 录用日期: 2021-11-03
- 网络出版日期: 2021-12-21
- 刊出日期: 2021-12-15

Analysis on the situation and countermeasures of water resources supply and demand in the cities of small and medium-sized river basins along southeast coast of China — taking Xiamen City as an example

1.
Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Groundwater Sciences and Engineering, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
3.
Xiamen Institute of Environment Science, Xiamen 361000, Fujian, China

More Information

Corresponding author: lzhhb@sina.com

摘要

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Abstract: The small and medium-sized river basins along southeast coast of China hold comparatively abundant water resources. However, the rapid resources urbanization in recent years has produced a series of water problems such as deterioration of river water quality, water shortage and exacerbated floods, which have constrained urban economic development. By applying the principle of triple supply-demand equilibrium, this paper focuses on the estimation of levels of water supply and demand in 2030 at different guarantee probabilities, with a case study of Xiamen city. The results show that water shortage and inefficient utilization are main problems in the city, as the future water supply looks daunting, and a water shortage may hit nearly 2 × 10⁸ m³ in an extraordinarily dry year. Based on current water supply-demand gap and its trend, this paper proposes countermeasures and suggestions for developing and utilizing groundwater resources and improving the utilization rate of water resources, which can supply as a reference for other southeast middle-to-small-sized basin cities in terms of sustainable water resources and water environment protection.
- Xiamen City /
- Water resources /
- Triple equilibrium /
- Probability /
- Supply and demand forecast

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Figure 1. Terrain and location of the study area

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Figure 2. Water resource demand and supply in 2030 (First equilibrium)

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Figure 3. The water resource demand and supply in 2030 (Second equilibrium)

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Figure 4. The water resource demand and supply in 2030 (Third equilibrium)

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Table 1. Population, GDP, water resource distribution of Xiamen in 2018

	Siming district	Huli district	Haicang district	Jimei district	Tongan district	Xiangan district	Total
Population (10 thousand people)	101.5	103.1	37.5	70.0	61.1	37.8	411
GDP (¥100 million)	1 449.93	1 035.84	676.11	686.22	422.65	520.6	4 791.35
Water resources quantity（10⁸ m³）	0.32	0.27	0.687	1.031	5.222	1.892	9.422

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Table 2. Available water resources in 2030 at different guarantee rates (10⁸ m³)

Administrative district	Local surface water			Water from Jiulong River			Groundwater	Other	Total water supply
	50%	75%	95%	50%	75%	95%			50%	75%	95%
Siming	0.09	0.08	0.07	0.90	0.73	0.4	0	0.02	1.01	0.83	0.49
Huli	0.08	0.07	0.06	0.90	0.73	0.4	0	0.01	0.99	0.81	0.47
Haicang	0.30	0.23	0.22	1.57	1.27	0.70	0.05	0.01	1.93	1.56	0.98
Jimei	0.48	0.43	0.34	0.98	0.80	0.44	0.04	0.01	1.51	1.28	0.83
Tongan	1.75	1.54	1.24	0.19	0.16	0.09	0.24	0.01	2.19	1.95	1.58
Xiangan	0.50	0.45	0.35	0.77	0.63	0.34	0.16	0.01	1.44	1.25	0.86
Total	3.19	2.80	2.28	5.32	4.32	2.36	0.49	0.07	9.07	7.68	5.20

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Table 3. Estimated total water demand in Xiamen, 2030 (10⁸ m³)

Administrative district	Residential	Industrial	Agricultural				Total
Administrative district	Residential	Industrial	50%	75%	95%	Ecological	50%	75%	95%
Siming	0.81	0.14	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.05	1.15	1.15	1.15
Huli	0.84	0.86	0	0	0	0.04	1.74	1.74	1.74
Haicang	0.38	0.62	1.11	1.11	1.12	0.03	2.14	2.14	2.15
Jimei	0.63	0.51	0.32	0.33	0.34	0.03	1.49	1.5	1.51
Tongan	0.57	0.52	0.5	0.55	0.62	0.02	1.61	1.66	1.73
Xiangan	0.36	0.98	0.63	0.66	0.7	0.02	1.99	2.02	2.06
Total	3.59	3.63	2.71	2.81	2.92	0.18	10.11	10.21	10.32

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Table 4. Predicted water demand and supply (First equilibrium) (10⁸ m³)

Administrative district	Water demand①			Water available②			Surplus③=②-①			Water deficiency ratio
Administrative district	50%	75%	95%	50%	75%	95%	50%	75%	95%	50%	75%	95%
Xiamen City	10.11	10.21	10.32	9.07	7.68	5.20	−1.04	−2.53	−5.12	10.29	24.78	49.61

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Table 5. Water demand in 2030 by the second budget analysis (10⁸ m³)

Administrative district	Residential	Industrial	Agricultural			Ecological	Total
Administrative district	Residential	Industrial	50%	75%	95%		50%	75%	95%
Siming	0.72	0.1	0.11	0.11	0.11	0.05	0.98	0.98	0.98
Huli	0.74	0.6	0	0	0	0.04	1.38	1.38	1.38
Haili	0.32	0.44	0.84	0.84	0.84	0.03	1.63	1.63	1.63
Jimei	0.54	0.36	0.25	0.26	0.27	0.03	1.18	1.19	1.2
Tongan	0.47	0.37	0.41	0.45	0.51	0.02	1.27	1.31	1.37
Xiangan	0.29	0.7	0.5	0.53	0.56	0.02	1.51	1.54	1.57
Total	3.08	2.58	2.1	2.19	2.29	0.18	7.94	8.03	8.13

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Table 6. Water resource demand and supply in 2030 (Second equilibrium) (10⁸ m³)

Administrative district	Water demand①			Water available②			Surplus③=②-①			Water deficiency ratio
Administrative district	50%	75%	95%	50%	75%	95%	50%	75%	95%	50%	75%	95%
Xiamen City	7.94	8.03	8.13	9.07	7.68	5.20	1.13	−0.35	−2.93	−14.23	4.36	36.04

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Table 7. Water resource demand and supply in 2030 (Third equilibrium) (10⁸ m³)

Administrative district	Water demand①			Water available②			Surplus③=②-①			Water deficiency ratio%
Administrative district	50%	75%	95%	50%	75%	95%	50%	75%	95%	50%	75%	95%
Siming	0.98	0.98	0.98	1.25	1.03	0.62	0.27	0.05	−0.36	−27.32	−4.60	36.61
Huli	1.38	1.38	1.38	1.69	1.39	0.86	0.31	0.01	−0.52	−22.70	−0.51	37.82
Haicang	1.63	1.63	1.63	2.27	1.84	1.17	0.64	0.21	−0.46	−39.07	−12.66	28.47
Jimei	1.18	1.19	1.2	1.76	1.48	0.97	0.58	0.29	−0.23	−48.95	−24.64	19.44
Tongan	1.27	1.31	1.37	2.19	1.95	1.58	0.92	0.64	0.21	−72.44	−48.85	−15.33
Xiangan	1.51	1.54	1.57	1.90	1.62	1.11	0.39	0.08	−0.46	−25.54	−5.44	29.21
Total	7.94	8.03	8.13	11.05	9.31	6.30	3.11	1.28	−1.83	−39.18	−15.88	22.51

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