Jun Liu; Yan-pei Cheng; Feng-e Zhang; Xue-ru Wen; Liu Yang

doi:10.26599/JGSE.2023.9280003

doi: 10.26599/JGSE.2023.9280003

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-18
- 录用日期: 2022-11-29
- 网络出版日期: 2023-03-20
- 刊出日期: 2023-03-15

Research hotspots and trends of groundwater and ecology studies: Based on a bibliometric approach

Jun Liu^{1, 2},
Yan-pei Cheng^{1, 2
, ,},
Feng-e Zhang^{3
, ,},
Xue-ru Wen^{1, 2},
Liu Yang^{1, 2}

1.
Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Groundwater Sciences and Engineering, Ministry of Natural Resources, Zhengding 050803, Hebei, China
3.
Comprehensive Survey and Management Center for Natural Resources, China Geological Survey, Beijing 10055, China

More Information

Corresponding author: yanpeicheng@tom.com ; feng_ezhang@163.com

摘要

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Abstract: Groundwater, as a critical component of the hydrological cycle, is essential for sustainable ecosystem development. To clarify the current status of domestic and overseas research, and to identify hotspots, frontier and future trends of groundwater and ecology research, this study utilizes bibliometric methods and CiteSpace software to examine relevant published articles in the Web of Science (WOS) and CNKI databases from 1978 to 2022. Specifically, this study analyzes (1) the annual number of published papers; (2) research institutions; (3) keywords; and (4) evolution of research hotspots. The findings reveal that the United States, China, and Germany are the top three countries in groundwater and ecology research. International research hotspots mainly focus on microbial ecology, climate change, groundwater-surface water interactions in the hyporheic zone, biodiversity, and submarine groundwater discharge, while domestic research hotspots mainly focus on ecological water conveyance, ecological flow, groundwater development and utilization, groundwater pollution, and groundwater and ecological protection. Both domestic and international research hotspots exhibit interdisciplinary features with diverse research objects and assessment methods. Future research in this area is expected to focus on topics such as contamination, groundwater quality, framework, mechanism, spatial distribution, and dissolved organic matter. Additionally, the study of ecological recharge, ecological flow, ecological protection, water intake and use will continue to be the hot topics domestically.
- Ecological assessment /
- Keywords clustering /
- Knowledge graphing /
- Ecological security /
- Ecological restoration

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Figure 1. Annual distribution of articles included in WOS and CNKI database (1978–2022)

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Figure 2. Keyword clustering analysis in the study of groundwater and ecology in CNKI Database (2002–2022)

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Figure 3. Keyword clustering analysis in the study of groundwater and ecology in WOS Database (2002–2022)

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Figure 4. Burst Terms based on CNKI and WOS Databases (2002–2022)

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Figure 5. Keywords-Timeline visualization analysis based on groundwater and ecological studies in CNKI Database (2002–2022)

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Figure 6. Keywords-Timeline visualization analysis based on groundwater and ecological studies in WOS Database (2002–2022)

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Table 1. Yearly numbers of published papers on groundwater and ecology exported from WOS and CNKI database

Year	Number of papers (WOS)	Number of papers (CNKI)	Year	Number of papers(WOS)	Number of papers(CNKI)	Year	Number of papers(WOS)	Number of papers (CNKI)
2022	321	446	2007	176	1037	1992	37	24
2021	1007	1454	2006	183	937	1991	25	31
2020	854	1346	2005	156	807	1990	5	24
2019	767	1249	2004	117	642	1989	9	11
2018	693	1215	2003	141	484	1988	1	6
2017	629	1234	2002	102	292	1987	1	15
2016	560	1255	2001	100	230	1986	1	9
2015	557	1011	2000	99	156	1985	-	13
2014	462	1055	1999	90	52	1984	1	14
2013	377	1104	1998	110	39	1983	1	6
2012	337	989	1997	75	51	1982	-	5
2011	370	977	1996	60	42	1981	-	5
2010	276	1035	1995	94	32	1980	1	-
2009	262	949	1994	56	21	1979	-	2
2008	220	1014	1993	48	25	1978	1	2

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Table 2. Top 10 countries in number of published articles in WOS and CNKI database

NO	Country	Number of articles	Percentage
1	USA	3135	33.4%
2	China	1496	15.9%
3	Germany	947	10.1%
4	Australia	914	9.7%
5	Canada	632	6.7%
6	England	526	5.6%
7	France	475	5.1%
8	Netherlands	457	4.9%
9	Spain	421	4.5%
10	Italy	380	4.1%

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Table 3. Top ten institutions in number of published articles in WOS and CNKI databases

WOS		CNKI
Institutions	Number of articles	Institutions	Number of articles
Chinese Academy of Sciences	574	China University of Geosciences（Beijing）	581
League of European Research Universities Leru	469	Jilin University	549
United States Department of the Interior	363	Chang’an University	536
United States Geological Survey	341	Northwest A&F university	406
University of California System	311	Hohai University	353
Helmholtz Association	294	Lanzhou University	347
Centre National De La RechercheScientifiquecnrs	281	Xi’an University of Technology	343
United States Department of Agriculture USDA	254	Beijing Forestry University	334
State University system of Florida	235	Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences	321
United States Department of Energy Doe	199	Xinjiang University	303

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Table 4. High frequency keywords for groundwater and ecology in WOS and CNKI database（2002–2022）

CNKI				WOS
NO	Cited frequency	Year	Keywords	NO	Cited frequency	Year	Keywords
1	1 005	2002	Groundwater	1	501	2002	Groundwater
2	330	2002	Water resources	2	363	2002	Water
3	286	2002	Ecological environment	3	358	2002	Ecology
4	112	2006	Numerical modelling	4	269	2002	Diversity
5	87	2003	Groundwater level	5	258	2002	Climate change
6	87	2017	Comprehensive treatment	6	194	2003	Dynamics
7	79	2003	Development and utilization	7	191	2002	River
8	79	2011	Ecological remediation	8	183	2002	Soil
9	71	2003	Ecologic water conveyance	9	177	2002	Pattern
10	68	2003	Countermeasure	10	171	2002	Management
11	64	2018	Ecological water compensation	11	170	2002	Biodiversity
12	57	2002	Ecological water requirement	12	162	2006	Impact
13	55	2002	Water environment	13	159	2002	Vegetation
14	50	2003	Tarim River	14	140	2002	Community
15	45	2003	Surface water	15	133	2003	Surface water
16	44	2009	Protection	16	133	2002	Ecosystem
17	44	2003	Evaluation index system	17	124	2004	Flow
18	43	2002	Soil	18	119	2002	Aquifer
19	42	2004	Influence	19	114	2002	Steam
20	41	2005	Evaluation	20	108	2002	Growth
21	39	2005	Reuse water	21	107	2002	Model
22	37	2016	Over-mining area	22	106	2002	Water quality
23	36	2005	Optimal configuration	23	101	2002	Sediment
24	34	2017	Sponge City	24	100	2002	Nitrogen
25	33	2005	Arid region	25	98	2002	Microbial community
26	33	2016	Water quality	26	86	2010	Stable isotope
27	33	2007	Ecosystem	27	85	2007	Land use
28	32	2012	Pollution	28	81	2002	Temperature
29	32	2020	Ecological flow	29	79	2002	Bacteria
30	31	2008	Measure	30	78	2002	System
31	31	2008	Vegetation	31	77	2009	Quality
32	30	2017	Hydrogeology	32	77	2003	Carbon
33	29	2002	Human activities	33	76	2007	Drinking water
34	29	2016	Water chemistry	34	74	2002	Hyporheic zone
35	28	2003	South-North water transfer project	35	71	2005	Forest
36	28	2013	Water ecology	36	70	2004	Transport
37	27	2002	Ecology	37	70	2007	Habitat
38	27	2012	Populus diversifolia	38	69	2003	Variability
39	26	2016	Environmental implication	39	68	2003	Nitrate
40	25	2007	Protection measures	40	68	2008	Heavy metal
41	25	2012	Coal mining with water conservation	41	67	2006	Basin
42	25	2009	Analysis	42	67	2002	Degradation
43	25	2014	Influence factors	43	67	2002	Spnov
44	25	2002	Climate change	44	64	2003	Organic matter
45	25	2011	Wetland	45	63	2009	Evolution
46	25	2004	Forecast	46	63	2002	Plant
47	25	2020	Yellow River	47	63	2002	Wetland
48	25	2016	Water sources	48	62	2008	Conservation
49	24	2016	Hebei province	49	59	2007	Microbial ecology
50	23	2015	Environmental protection	50	57	2009	Ecosystem service

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[6]	Liu Min, Nie Zhen-long, Cao Le, Wang Li-fang, Lu Hui-xiong, Wang Zhe, Zhu Pu-cheng2021: Comprehensive evaluation on the ecological function of groundwater in the Shiyang River watershed, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 9, 326-340. doi: 10.19637/j.cnki.2305-7068.2021.04.006
[7]	Wen Xue-ru, Cheng Yan-pei, Zhang Jian-kang, Dong Hua2021: Ecological function zoning and protection of groundwater in Asia, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 9, 359-368. doi: 10.19637/j.cnki.2305-7068.2021.04.009
[8]	GUO Chun-yan, CUI Ya-li, LIU Wen-na, CUI Xiang-xiang, FEI Yu-hong2018: Research on numerical simulation of the groundwater funnels restoration in Shijiazhuang, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 6, 126-135. doi: 10.19637/j.cnki.2305-7068.2018.02.006
[9]	LU Yao-ru, ZHANG Wei, LIU Qi, YANG Min, ZHANG Feng-e2016: Building a scientific and ecological earth–on an important field of geo-science: Geo-environment and construction engineering effect, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 4, 259-278.
[10]	ZHANG Sheng, ZHANG Cui-yun, HE Ze, CHEN Li, ZHANG Fa-wang, YIN Mi-ying, NING Zhuo, SUN Zhen-hua, ZHEN Shi-jun2016: Application research of enhanced in-situ micro-ecological remediation of petroleum contaminated soil, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 4, 157-164.
[11]	GUO Long-zhu2016: Study on ecological and economic effects of land and water resources allocation in Sanjiang Plain, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 4, 110-119.
[12]	LIU Jun, CHENG Jian-mei, JIANG Fang-yuan2015: Methodological study of coastal geological hazard assessment based on GIS, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 3, 77-85.
[13]	DONG Hua, GE Li-qiang2015: Groundwater ecological environment and the mapping of Asia, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 3, 118-126.
[14]	SHI Jian-sheng, LIU Chang-li, DONG Hua, YAN Zhen-peng, WANG Yan-jun, LIU Xin-hao, GUO Xiu-yan, JIAO Hong-jun, YIN Mi-ying, HOU Huai-ren2014: Stability assessment and risk analysis of aboveground river in lower Yellow River, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 2, 1-18.
[15]	CHENG Yan-pei, YUE Chen, ZHANG Jian-kang, YI Qing, WEN Xue-ru, LI Yong-chao2014: Influence of fluctuations of frozen soil in North Asia on groundwater and assessment on resources, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 2, 71-77.
[16]	LIU Chang-Rong, HUANG Shuang-Bing, ZHANG Li-Zhong2014: New Mine Geological Environment Impact Assessment Method, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 2, 88-96.
[17]	Yun TANG, Ke-wang TANG, Yan WANG, Ai-min YANG2014: Study of Ecological Water Demand of Rivers in Shenyang City, Northeastern China, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 2, 73-77.
[18]	YUE Chen, CUI Ya-li, SHAO Jing-li, DONG Xiang, RAO Rong2014: Research Progress of the Geological Environment in Ecological Planning, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 2, 47-53.
[19]	HUANG Xiao-qin, YU Yan-qing, SUN Yong-liang2014: Construction of ecological environment of oasis in Qingtongxia Irrigation District, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 2, 78-84.
[20]	Jiankang Zhang, Yanpei Cheng, Hua Dong, Qingshi Guo, Kun Liu, Fawang Zhang2013: Study on Ecological Environment and Sustainable Land Use Based on Satellite Remote Sensing, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 1, 89-96.