Chun-xiao Wang; Yong Qian; Zhao-ji Zhang; Chen Yue; Chun-yan Guo; Xiang-xiang Cui

doi:10.26599/JGSE.2023.9280014

doi: 10.26599/JGSE.2023.9280014

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-11
- 录用日期: 2023-01-05
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-19
- 刊出日期: 2023-06-30

Current status and prospects of research on 1,4-dioxane pollution and treatment technologies in the water environment

Chun-xiao Wang^{1, 2},
Yong Qian^{1, 2
, ,},
Zhao-ji Zhang^{1, 2},
Chen Yue^{1, 2},
Chun-yan Guo^{1, 2},
Xiang-xiang Cui^{1, 2}

1.
Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Groundwater Contamination and Remediation, China Geological Survey (CGS) & Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050061, China

More Information

Corresponding author: desertqy@163.com

摘要

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Abstract: 1,4-dioxane pollution is characterized by its early identification, widespread sources and extensive distribution. The pollutant is highly mobile and persistent in the water environment and is classified as a B2 (probable) human carcinogen. After reviewing recent researches on the pollution status, transport and transformation characteristics of 1,4-dioxane in the water environment, as well as the environmental pollution remediation and treatment technologies, and the status of environmental regulation, this paper addresses that the distribution of 1,4-dioxane in water bodies is significantly correlated with chlorinated hydrocarbon pollutants such as 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA) and trichloroethylene (TCE). It is noteworthy that 1,4-dioxane often occurs in symbiosis with 1,1,1-TCA and has a similarity contamination plume distribution to 1,1,1-TCA. The natural attenuation of 1,4-dioxane in groundwater environment is weak, but there is a certain degree of biological oxidation attenuation. Current methods for treating 1,4-dioxane pollution mainly include extraction-treatment technology, advanced oxidation treatment technology, modified biological treatment technology and phytoremediation technology, all of which have their limitations in practical application. Currently, there is no environmental regulation available for the 1,4-dioxane pollution worldwide, and no enforceable standard established for defining the health trigger levels of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. Research on this contaminant in China is generally limited to the site or laboratory scale, and there are no studies on the environmental risk and quality standards for 1,4-dioxane in the water environment.
- 1,4-dioxane /
- Chlorinated hydrocarbon /
- Environmental pollution /
- Attenuation

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Figure 1. Molecular structure of 1,4-dioxane

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Table 1. Drinking water guidelines and criteria for 1,4-dioxane (An et al. 2014; US EPA, 2017b; US EPA, 2018a, US EPA, 2018b; Health Canada, 2018; Mulisch et al. 2003; WHO, 2005; Yamamoto et al. 2018)

Jurisdiction	Target concentration /µg/L	Type of target	Year target was introduced
Non-enforced guidance values for 1,4-dioxane in developed countries and WHO
Canada	50.0	Health Canada, Draft drinking water guidelines	2018
United States	0.35	US EPA, Screening levels for tap water^a	2017
Korea	50.0	Ministry of the environment, Provisional standards	2014
Japan	50.0	Water pollution control Law, Drinking water standards	2009
Germany	0.1	EPA, Recommended guidance	2003
WHO	50.0	Guidance value	2005
Non-mandatory guidance values for 1,4-dioxane by US states
New York	1.0	Draft minimum standards	2018
Michigan	7.2	Drinking water standards	2017
Alaska	77.0	Groundwater purification level	2016
Texas	9.1	Protection concentration level	2016
Maine	4.0	Guidance value	2016
Indiana	4.6	Groundwater screening level	2016
North Carolina	3.0	Drinking water standards	2015
New Jersey	0.4	Groundwater quality standards	2015
Connecticut	3.0	Intervention level	2013
Minnesota	1.0	Health risk limits	2013
California	1.0	Public health protection concentration	2011
Massachusetts	0.3	Guidance value	2004
^a The US EPA has not set a minimum level of enforceable standards.

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[12]	YANG Li-zhi, LIU Chun-hua2015: Study on the characteristics and causes of carbon tetrachloride pollution of karst water in eastern suburbs of Jinan, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 3, 331-341.
[13]	DAI Wen-Bin, ZHANG Wei-Jun, COWEN Taha2015: An analysis of River Derwent pollution and its impacts, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 3, 39-44.
[14]	Kang-qin HAN, Ri-sheng DUAN, Liang-liang JIA, Yuan-yuan DUAN, Min-ying FENG2014: Analysis on Present Status of Underground Water Pollution in Shijiazhuang and Its Prevention Measures, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 2, 44-48.
[15]	Xiu-yan WANG, Yu-hong FEI2014: Environmental Effect Caused by Over-exploitation of Deep Groundwater in North China, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 2, 12-20.
[16]	Do Van Binh2014: Using Environmental Isotope Method to Study the Air Temperature Variations of the Earth, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 2, 97-102.
[17]	Changli Liu, Yun Zhang, Chao Song, Hongbing Hou2013: Effect of Farmyard Manure Application on Dissolution of Carbonate Rocks and Its Eco-environmental Impact, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 1, 60-69.
[18]	Song Bo, Liu Changli, Zhang Yun, Hou Hongbing, Pei Lixin, Yang Liu2013: Urban Waste Disposal and Its Impact on Groundwater Pollution in China, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 1, 88-95.
[19]	Feng-long Zhang, Fu-li Qi, Shou-cheng Lu, Yong-li Li2013: Analysis of the Water Factor with the Major Environmental Issues in the Sanjiang Plain, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 1, 28-32.
[20]	2013: Analysis of Groundwater Environmental Conditions and Influencing Factors in Typical City in Northwest China, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 1, 60-73.