E-mail alert
Rss
Development and application of multi-field coupled high-pressure triaxial apparatus for soil
-
Abstract: The increasing severity of ground subsidence, ground fissure and other disasters caused by the excessive exploitation of deep underground resources has highlighted the pressing need for effective management. A significant contributing factor to the challenges faced is the inadequacy of existing soil mechanics experimental instruments in providing effective indicators, creating a bottleneck in comprehensively understanding the mechanisms of land subsidence. It is urgent to develop a multi-field and multi-functional soil mechanics experimental system to address this issue. Based soil mechanics theories, the existing manufacturing capabilities of triaxial apparatus and the practical demands of the test system, a set of multi-field coupled high-pressure triaxial system is developed tailored for testing deep soils (at depths of approximately 3 000 m) and soft rock. This system incorporates specialized design elements such as high-pressure chamber and horizontal deformation testing devices. In addition to the conventional triaxial tester functions, its distinctive feature encompass a horizontal deformation tracking measuring device, a water release testing device and temperature control device for the sample. This ensemble facilitates testing of horizontal and vertical deformation water release and other parameters of samples under a specified stress conditions, at constant or varying temperature ranging from −40°C–90°C. The accuracy of the tested parameters meets the requirements of relevant current specifications. The test system not only provides scientifically robust data for revealing the deformation and failure mechanism of soil subjected to extreme temperature, but also offers critical data support for major engineering projects, deep exploration and mitigation efforts related to soil deformation-induced disaster.
-
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of main structure with multi-field coupled high-pressure triaxial system
①-1 Loading frame ①-2 Pressure chamber ①-3 Pore water pressure testing device ①-4 Liquid inlet ①-5 Seepage device ② Temperature control device ③ Horizontal deformation testing device ④ Data acquisition and processing device
Figure 2. Photo of multi-field coupled high-pressure triaxial test system
①-1 Loading Frame ①-2 Pressure chamber ①-3 Servo host ①-4 Water circuit control device ② Horizontal deformation testing device ③ High and low temperature control device ④ Data acquisition and processing device
Figure 3. The device for testing horizontal deformation of sample
① Line laser measuring probe and signal area ② Pressure chamber ③ Sample ④ Horizontal deformation test area ①, ②, ···n are the horizontal deformation results of the 1st, 2nd, ···nth test sample, respectively.
Table 1. Test accuracy of the developed system
Category Data/mm Distance from the probe to the sample X01 X02, … X060 1st data X11 X12, … X160 1st horizontal deformation data △X11 △X12 … △X160 2nd data X21 X21 … X260 2nd horizontal deformation data △X21 △X22 … △X260 … … … … nth data Xn1 Xn2 … Xn60 Nth horizontal deformation data △Xn1 △Xn2 … △Xn60 Note：(△Xn1= Xn1−X01) 
下载: 导出CSV
Table 2. Test accuracy of the developed system
Index Vertical pressure Confining pressure Vertical deformation Horizontal deformation Pore water pressure Pore water volume Temperature Unit P/kN б3/MPa S/mm X/mm u/MPa Q/mL °C Range 50 10 30 10 3 100 −40–90 Accuracy 0.01%F.S 0.01%F.S 0.001 ±0.044 0.01% F.S 0. 01 ±0.10 Note Grating displacement gauge Line laser scanning Constant or changing temperature
下载: 导出CSV
Table 3. Soil parameters measured under the condition of multi field coupling
Effective stress Vertical deformation The amount of water released Maximum horizontal deformation Volume of water released/volume of deformation Kpa S /mm V /cm3 X /mm % 114 1.864 0.0523 0.982 2.340 203 3.160 0.0918 1.745 2.421 300 5.440 0.1420 3.137 2.175
下载: 导出CSV
-
Bagheri-Gavkosh M, Hosseini SM, Ataie-Ashtiani B, et al. 2021. Land subsidence: A global challenge. The Science of the Total Environment, 778: 146193. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146193. Burland J. 2007. Terzaghi: Back to the future. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 66(1): 29−33. DOI: 10.1007/s10064-006-0083-9. Chen ZQ, He C, Xu GW, et al. 2019. A case study on the asymmetric deformation characteristics and mechanical behavior of deep-buried tunnel in phyllite. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 52(11): 4527−4545. DOI: 10.1007/s00603-019-01836-2. Chen SM, Liu FT, Zhang Z, et al. 2021. Changes of groundwater flow field of Luanhe River Delta under the human activities and its impact on the ecological environment in the past 30 years. China Geology, 4: 455−462. DOI: 10.31035/cg2021060. Deng Y, Deng HC. 2019. Experimental study on failure criterion of deep tight sandstone under coupling effects of temperature and pressure. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 12(18): 575. DOI: 10.1007/s12517-019-4729-x. Gao ML, Gong HL, Li XJ, et al. 2019. Land subsidence and ground fissures in Beijing capital international airport (BCIA): Evidence from quasi-PS InSAR analysis. Remote Sensing, 11(12): 1466. DOI: 10.3390/rs11121466. Ha D, Zheng G, LoÃiciga HA, et al. 2021. Long-term groundwater level changes and land subsidence in Tianjin, China. Acta Geotechnica, 16(4): 1303−1314. DOI: 10.1007/s11440-020-01097-2. Haley M, Ahmed M, Gebremichael E, et al. 2022. Land subsidence in the texas coastal bend: Locations, rates, triggers, and consequences. Remote Sensing, 14(1): 192. DOI: 10.3390/rs14010192. He XC, Yang TL, Shen SL, et al. 2019. Land subsidence control zone and policy for the environmental protection of Shanghai. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(15): 2729. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16152729. Hu B, Gong BW, Tong J, et al. 2015. Development and application of unilateral freezing triaxial apparatus for freeze-thaw cycle. Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, 32(2): 128−132. (in Chinese) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5485.2015.02.026. Luo G, Pan SK, Zhang YL, et al. 2019. Research on establishing numerical model of geo material based on CT image analysis. EURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing, 2019(1): 36. DOI: 10.1186/s13640-019-0421-z. Mao LT, Yuan ZX, Lian XY, et al. 2015. Measurement of 3d strain field in red stone sample under uniaxial compression with computer tomography and digital volume correlation method. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 34(1): 21−30. (in Chinese) DOI: 10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.01.003. Nawir H, Apoji D, Ekawita R, et al. 2018. Axial and lateral small strain measurement of soils in compression test using local deformation transducer. Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences, 50(1): 53−72. DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2018.50.1.4. Rao S, Xiao HP, Wang ZT, et al. 2023. Geothermal Reservoir characteristics and geothermal resource evaluation of Guantao Formation in the Bohai Bay Basin. Natural Gas Industry, 43(5): 141−152. (in Chinese) Sultan N, Delage P, Cui YJ. 2002. Temperature effects on the volume change behaviour of Boom clay. Engineering Geology, 64(2−3): 135−145. Vu TL, Bares J, Mora S, et al. 2019. Deformation field in diametrically loaded soft cylinders. Experimental Mechanics, 59(4): 453−467. DOI: 10.1007/s11340-019-00477-4. Wang GL, Zhang W, Lin WJ, et al. 2017. Research on formation mode and development potential of geothermal resources in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Geology in China, 44(6): 1074−1085. (in Chinese) DOI: 10.12029/gc20170603. Wang P, Liu EL, Zhi B, et al. 2020. A macro-micro viscoelastic-plastic constitutive model for saturated frozen soil. Mechanics of Materials, 147: 103411. DOI: 10.1016/j.mechmat.2020.103411. Xiao WJ, Yu G, Li HT, et al. 2021. Experimental study on the failure process of sandstone subjected to cyclic loading and unloading after high temperature treatment. Engineering Geology, 293: 106305. DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2021.106305. Xiao WJ, Zhang DM, Wang XJ. 2020. Experimental study on progressive failure process and permeability characteristics of red sandstone under seepage pressure. Engineering Geology, 265: 105406. DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2019.105406. Xi BP, Wu YC, Zhao YS, et al. 2020. Experimental investigations of compressive strength and thermal damage capacity characterization of granite under different cooling modes. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 39(2): 286−300. (in Chinese) DOI: 10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.0782. Xiong X, Gao F, Zhou KP, et al. 2022. Mechanical properties and strength evolution model of sandstone subjected to freeze–thaw weathering process: Considering the confining pressure effect. Mathematics, 10(20): 3841. DOI: 10.3390/math10203841. Yang SQ, Tian WL, Jing HW, et al. 2019. Deformation and damage failure behavior of mudstone specimens under single-stage and multi-stage triaxial compression. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 52(3): 673−689. DOI: 10.1007/s00603-018-1622-y. Yin TB, Li Q, Li XB. 2019. Experimental investigation on mode I fracture characteristics of granite after cyclic heating and cooling treatments. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 222: 106740. DOI: 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2019.106740. Zhao XD, Lv ZY, Zhou Y, et al. 2022. Thermal and pore pressure gradient-dependent deformation and fracture behavior of saturated soils subjected to freeze-thaw. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 81(5): 188. DOI: 10.1007/s10064-022-02693-0. Zhou CF, Gong HL, Chen BB, et al. 2020. Land subsidence response to different land use types and water resource utilization in beijing-Tianjin-hebei, China. Remote Sensing, 12(3): 457. DOI: 10.3390/rs12030457. -
点击查看大图
图(4) / 表ll (3)
计量
- 文章访问数: 204
- HTML全文浏览量: 105
- PDF下载量: 19
- 被引次数: 0
