Ming-xiao Yu; Xi Zhu; Gui-ling Wang; Wei Zhang; Feng Ma

doi:10.26599/JGSE.2025.9280038

doi: 10.26599/JGSE.2025.9280038

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-04-11
- 录用日期: 2024-11-18
- 网络出版日期: 2025-02-13
- 刊出日期: 2025-03-10

Zoning of development and utilization and evaluation of deep geothermal resources in Xiong'an New Area

Ming-xiao Yu^{1, 2},
Xi Zhu^{1, 2
, ,},
Gui-ling Wang^{1, 2},
Wei Zhang^{1, 2},
Feng Ma^{1, 2}

1.
Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050061, China
2.
Technology Innovation Center for Geothermal & Hot Dry Rock Exploration and Development, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shijiazhuang 050061, China

More Information

Corresponding author: zhuxi@mail.cgs.gov.cn

摘要

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Abstract: Xiong'an New Area boasts abundant geothermal resources, with widespread Jixianian geothermal reservoirs serving as key targets for exploration and development. Zoning geothermal resources helps characterize their distribution and attributes, offering critical guidance for their sustainable exploitation and utilization. This study integrates data from drilling and production tests across 21 geothermal wells to analyze the Jixianian strata, including depth, thickness, temperature, single-well water yield, Groundwater Level Depth (GWD), and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). Employing fuzzy mathematics, a zoning analysis was performed, yielding quantitative evaluation scores and delineating favorable zones for development. Key findings include: (1) Geothermal reservoirs in the Rongcheng and Niutuozhen uplifts exhibit shallow burial depths, substantial thicknesses, high productivity, and relatively low temperatures, making them highly suitable for large-scale geothermal exploitation; (2) Zones with high resource potential but uncertain conditions require further exploration to mitigate development risks; (3) Areas near the Rongcheng fault or Jixianian strata buried deeper than 4,000 m are recommended for deferred exploitation; (4) Comprehensive evaluation reveals that the Jixianian carbonate geothermal reservoirs in Xiong'an New Area manifest geothermal resources of 5,370.31×10¹⁶ J, geothermal fluid reserves of 101.17×10⁸ m³, and recoverable fluid reserves of 93.41×10⁴ m³/d under balanced extraction and reinjection. Recoverable geothermal heat amounts to 9.36×10¹⁶ J/a, equivalent to 319.4×10⁴ t/a of standard coal. This study provides valuable insights into the exploration and sustainable exploitation of deep geothermal reservoirs in Xiong'an New Area, enhancing resource utilization and contributing to the development of a green and sustainable Xiong'an New Area.
- Zoning of geothermal resources /
- Fuzzy mathematics /
- Geothermal energy /
- Extraction and reinjection balance /
- Jixianian geothermal reservoirs

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Figure 1. The location and geological conditions of Xiong′an New Area (Zhu et al. 2023)

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Figure 2. Geological profile of the study area

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Figure 3. Evaluation index map of geothermal resources zoning in Xiong′an New Area

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Figure 4. Flowchart of the research

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Figure 5. The regionalization score of Xiong′an New Area

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Table 1. The data set of selected evaluation indicators

The data set of evaluation indicators
C₁	Single-well water yield of Jixianian geothermal reservoirs (m³/h)
C₂	Central temperature of Jixianian geothermal reservoirs (°C)
C₃	Roof burial depth of Jixianian strata (m)
C₄	Groundwater level depth of Jixianian geothermal reservoirs (m)
C₅	Thickness of Jixianian strata (m)
C₆	TDS content of geothermal fluids in in Jixianian geothermal reservoirs (mg/L)

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Table 2. Index weighted evaluation matrix

Evaluation indicators	C₁	C₂	C₃	C₄	C₅	C₆
C₁	1	2	2	3	3	4
C₂	1/2	1	3	3	4	2
C₃	1/2	1/2	1	4	5	4
C₄	1/2	1/3	1/4	1	2	3
C₅	1/2	1/3	1/5	1/2	1	2
C₆	1/3	1/4	1/4	1/3	1/2	1

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Table 3. Index weighted evaluation matrix

	Evaluation indicators	Grade
	Evaluation indicators	R1 (excellent)	R2 (good)	R3 (moderate)	R4 (poor)	R5 (very poor)
C₁	Single-well water yield of Jixianian geothermal reservoirs (m³/h)	120	100	80	60	40
C₂	Central temperature of Jixianian geothermal reservoirs (°C)	100	80	60	40	20
C₃	Roof burial depth of Jixianian strata (m)	500	1,500	2,500	3,500	4,500
C₄	Groundwater level depth of Jixianian geothermal reservoirs (m)	85	95	105	115	125
C₅	Thickness of Jixianian strata (m)	1,600	1,300	1,000	700	400
C₆	TDS content of geothermal fluids in Jixianian geothermal reservoirs (mg/L)	2,100	2,300	2,500	2,700	2,900

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Table 4. Summary of main calculation parameters in the study area

Layer	Score	Structure position	Zoning area (km²)	Thickness of Jixianian strata (m)	Thickness of geothermal reservoir (m)	GWD (m)	Porosity (%)	Geothermal reservoir temperature (°C)	Specific heat of water (kg/m³)	Water density (J/kg·°C)	Density of rocks (kg/m³)	Specific heat of rocks (J/kg·°C)	Elastic storativity (10⁻⁵)
Wumishan Formation	＞6.8	Central uplifted area of the Rongcheng Uplift	64.77	800	240	120	4.0	70	980.00	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	3.32
		Axis of the Niutuozhen Uplift	70.16	1,000	250	115	3.5	70	971.82	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	3.00
		Axis of the Niutuozhen Uplift	45.48	800	200	115	3.5	80	971.82	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	2.40
		The Dianbei trough the southern Niutuozhen Uplift	14.84	1,000	200	110	3.0	80	971.83	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	2.06
	5.6 -6.8	Central uplifted area of the Rongcheng Uplift	83.08	400	120	110	4.0	62	983.00	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	1.67
		the western slope area of the Rongcheng Uplift	86.25	600	240	114	3.5	62	980.00	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	2.91
		The western slope area of the Niutuozhen Uplift	64.99	1,000	250	110	3.5	75	971.82	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	3.00
		The transition zone between the Niutuozhen Uplift and the Bazhou Sag	88.39	400	60	110	3.0	75	971.82	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	0.62
		The transition zone between the Niutuozhen Uplift and the Bazhou Sag	78.39	1,000	200	110	3.0	75	971.82	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	2.06
		The western area of the Gaoyang Low Uplift	180.72	600	120	125	3.0	110	942.80	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	1.20
		The eastern area of the Gaoyang Low Uplift	151.10	1,000	160	125	3.0	105	943.00	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	1.60
	4.4 -5.6	The western slope area of the Rongcheng Uplift	55.41	400	120	114	3.5	72	980.00	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	1.45
		The eastern trough area of the Rongcheng Uplift	39.12	800	240	112	3.5	85	968.00	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	2.87
		The eastern trough area of the Rongcheng Uplift	54.43	1,000	250	105	3.5	80	971.82	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	3.00
		The western slope area of the Niutuozhen Uplift	66.99	800	200	110	3.5	75	971.82	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	2.40
		The Bazhou Sag	99.66	200	40	110	3.0	85	971.82	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	0.41
		The eastern of the Gaoyang Low Uplift---the Lixian slope	64.32	1,000	160	120	3.0	105	943.00	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	1.60
		The eastern area of the Gaoyang Low Uplift	92.40	800	80	100	3.0	105	943.00	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	0.80
		The western area of the Gaoyang Low Uplift	85.20	300	60	125	3.0	110	942.80	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	0.60
	4.1-4.4	The eastern area of the Rong-cheng Uplift	18.51	600	120	125	3.0	110	942.8	4,186.8	2,600	879.228	1.20
	4.1-4.4	The Bazhou Sag	68.01	150	30	110	3.0	85	971.82	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	0.31
	＜3.5	The eastern trough area of the Rongcheng Uplift	33.41	100	30	112	3.5	70	974.00	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	0.36
Gaoyuzh-uang Formation	＞6.8	Central uplifted area of the Rongcheng Uplift	64.77	1,000	150	120	2.0	70	978.00	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	1.04
		Axis of the Niutuozhen Uplift	45.48	500	75	115	2.0	85	965.32	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	0.51
		Axis of the Niutuozhen Uplift	70.16	1,000	150	115	2.0	90	965.32	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	1.02
	5.6 -6.8	Central uplifted area of the Rongcheng Uplift	83.08	800	160	110	2.0	75	980.00	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	1.11
		The western slope area of the Rongcheng Uplift	86.25	900	135	116	3.0	70	980.00	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	1.40
		The western slope area of the Niutuozhen Uplift	64.99	1,000	150	110	2.0	90	965.32	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	1.02
		The transition zone between the Niutuozhen Uplift and the Bazhou Sag	88.39	800	104	115	2.0	90	965.32	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	0.71
		The transition zone between the Niutuozhen Uplift and the Bazhou Sag	78.39	500	65	115	2.0	90	965.32	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	0.44
	4.4 -5.6	The western area of the Rong-cheng Uplift	55.41	800	120	119	3.0	70	980.00	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	1.25
		The western slope area of the Niutuozhen Uplift	34.04	600	90	112	2.0	90	965.32	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	0.61
		The eastern trough area of the Rongcheng Uplift	39.12	600	90	112	2.0	90	961.00	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	0.61
		The eastern trough area of the Rongcheng Uplift	54.43	800	120	110	2.0	80	965.32	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	0.82
		The Bazhou Sag	99.66	500	65	115	2.0	90	965.32	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	0.44
	4.1-4.4	The Bazhou Sag	68.01	500	65	115	2.0	90	965.32	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	0.44
	＜3.5	The eastern trough area of the Rongcheng Uplift	33.41	150	23	110	2.0	75	968.00	4,186.8	2,600	879.23	0.15

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Table 5. Results of resource calculations

Regionalization score	Zoning area (km²)	Geothermal resources (10¹⁶J)	Geothermal fluid reserves (10⁸ m³)	Recoverable reserves of geothermal fluids (10⁴ m³/d)	Recoverable heat of geothermal fluids (10¹⁶ J/a)
＞6.8	195.25	948.31	20.86	18.78	1.69
5.6-6.8	732.93	2,624.65	48.33	45.31	4.569
4.4-5.6	557.53	1,613.06	29.28	26.47	2.788
3.5-4.4	86.52	160.66	2.19	2.35	0.274
＜3.5	33.41	23.62	0.50	0.50	0.042
total	1,605.64	5,370.31	101.17	93.41	9.36

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