Ecosystem-driven karst carbon cycle and carbon sink effects

Cheng Zhang; Qiong Xiao; Ze-yan Wu; Knez Martin

doi:10.19637/j.cnki.2305-7068.2022.02.001

Volume 10 Issue 2

Jun. 2022

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Article Navigation > Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering > 2022 > 10(2): 99-112

Zhang C, Xiao Q, Wu Z, et al. 2022. Ecosystem-driven karst carbon cycle and carbon sink effects. Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 10(2): 99-112 doi: 10.19637/j.cnki.2305-7068.2022.02.001

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Ecosystem-driven karst carbon cycle and carbon sink effects

doi: 10.19637/j.cnki.2305-7068.2022.02.001

1.
Karst Dynamics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Natural Resources/Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences/International Research Center on Karst Under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
2.
Karst Research Institute, Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Postonja, SI-6230, Slovenia

More Information

Corresponding author: zhangcheng@mail.cgs.gov.cn
Received Date: 2021-11-08
Accepted Date: 2022-04-03
Publish Date: 2022-06-20

Abstract

Abstract

It is recognized that karst processes are actively involved in the current global carbon cycle based on twenty years research, and the carbon sink occurred in karst processes is possibly an important part of “missing sink” in global carbon cycle. In this paper, an overview is given on karst carbon cycle research, and influence factors, formed carbon pools (background carbon sink) and sink increase potentials of current karst carbon cycle are analyzed. Carbonate weathering could contribute to the imbalance item (B_IM) and land use change item (E_LUC) in the global carbon cycle model, owing to its uptake of both atmospheric CO₂ (carbon sink effect) and CO₂ produced by soil respiration (carbon source reduction effect). Karst carbon sink includes inorganic carbon sink resulted from hydrogeochemical process and organic carbon sink generated by aquatic photosynthetic DIC conversion, forming relatively stable river (reservoir) water body or sediment carbon sink. The sizes of both sinks are controlled by terrestrial ecosystems and aquatic ecosystems, respectively. Desertification rehabilitation and carbon sequestration by aquatic plants are two effective ways to increase the carbon sink in karst area. It is estimated that the rate of carbon sink is at least 381 000 t CO₂/a with vegetation restoration and afforestation in southwest China karst area, while the annual organic carbon sink generated by aquatic photosynthesis is about 84 200 t C in the Pearl River Basin. The development of a soil CO₂ based model for assessment of regional dissolution intensity will help to improve the estimation accuracy of carbon sink increase and potential, thus provide a more clear and efficient karst sink increase scheme and pathway to achieve the goals of “double carbon”. With the deep investigation on karst carbon cycle, mechanism and carbon sink effect, and the improvement of watershed carbon sink measurement methods and regional sink increase evaluation approaches. Karst carbon sink is expected to be included in the list of atmospheric CO₂ sources/sinks of the global carbon budget in the near future.
- Karst carbon sink,
- Ecosystem,
- Sink-increase way,
- Carbon pool,
- Rock desertification rehabilitation,
- Aquatic photosynthetic carbon sequestration

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References(97)

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[15]	YANG Li-zhi, LIU Chun-hua, 2015: Study on the characteristics and causes of carbon tetrachloride pollution of karst water in eastern suburbs of Jinan, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 3, 331-341.
[16]	BAI Xi-qing, LIU Yan, 2014: Feasibility Analysis on Resuming Flow of Large Karst Spring in Heilongdong, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 2, 80-87.
[17]	ZHANG Cheng, Mahippong Worakul, WANG Jin-liang, PU Jun-bing, LYU Yong, ZHANG Qiang, HUANG Qi-bo, 2014: Hydrogeochemical Features of Karst in the Western Thailand, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 2, 18-26.
[18]	LU Chuan, LI Long, LIU Yan-guang, WANG Gui-ling, 2014: Capillary Pressure and Relative Permeability Model Uncertainties in Simulations of Geological CO2 Sequestration, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 2, 1-17.
[19]	Yun TANG, Ke-wang TANG, Yan WANG, Ai-min YANG, 2014: Study of Ecological Water Demand of Rivers in Shenyang City, Northeastern China, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 2, 73-77.
[20]	, 2013: The Study of Statistical Damage Constitutive Models of Rock and Its Parameters Based on Lade-Duncan Criterion, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 1, 74-79.