Modelling the monthly hydrological balance using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model: A case study of the Wadi Mina upstream watershed

Hanane Mebarki; Noureddine Maref; Mohammed El-Amine Dris

doi:10.26599/JGSE.2024.9280013

Volume 12 Issue 2

Jun. 2024

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Article Navigation > Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering > 2024 > 12(2): 161-177

Mebarki H, Maref N, Dris M. 2024. Modelling the monthly hydrological balance using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model: A case study of the Wadi Mina upstream watershed. Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 12(2): 161-177 doi: 10.26599/JGSE.2024.9280013

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Modelling the monthly hydrological balance using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model: A case study of the Wadi Mina upstream watershed

doi: 10.26599/JGSE.2024.9280013

1.
Civil Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (LGCE), University of Djillali Liabès, Faculty of Technology, Hydraulics department, Ben M'Hidi district, P.O.Box 89, 22000, Sidi Bel Abbès, Algeria

More Information

Corresponding author: m.noure@yahoo.fr
Received Date: 2023-12-16
Accepted Date: 2024-04-17

Available Online: 2024-06-10

Publish Date: 2024-06-30

Abstract

Abstract

Modelling the hydrological balance in semi-arid zones is essential for effective water resource management, encompassing both surface water and groundwater. This study aims to model the monthly hydrological water cycle in the Wadi Mina upstream watershed (northwest Algeria) by applying the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrological model. SWAT modelling integrates spatial data such as the Digital Elevation Model (DEM), land use, soil types and various meteorological parameters including precipitation, maximum and minimum temperatures, relative humidity, solar radiation and wind speed. The SWAT model was calibrated and validated using data from January 2012 to December 2014, with a calibration period from January 2012 to August 2013 and a validation period from September 2013 to December 2014. Sensitivity and parameter calibration were conducted using the SWAT-SA program, and model performance evaluation relied on comparing the observed discharge at the outlet of the basin with model-simulated discharge, assessed through statistical coefficients including Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), coefficient of determination (R²) and Percent Bias (PBAIS). Calibration results indicated favourable objective function values (NSE=0.79, R²=0.93, PBAIS= −8.53%), although a slight decrease was observed during validation (NSE=0.69, R²=0.86, and PBAIS= −11.41%). The application of the SWAT model to the Wadi Mina upstream watershed highlighted its utility in simulating the spatial distribution of different components of the hydrological balance in this basin. The SWAT model revealed that approximately 71% of the precipitation in the basin evaporates, while only 29% contributes to surface runoff or infiltration into the soil.
- SWAT model,
- Performance,
- Parameters,
- Runoff,
- Groundwater,
- Wadi

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