Application of the cumulative rainfall departure method in determination of deep groundwater recharge in Soc Trang Province, Vietnam

Tran Vu Long; Nguyen Bach Thao; Dao Duc Bang; Kieu Thi Van Anh; Vu Thu Hien; Duong Thi Thanh Thuy; Tran Quang Tuan; Nguyen Van Hoang; Doan Anh Tuan; Dang Tran Trung

doi:10.26599/JGSE.2025.9280048

Volume 13 Issue 2

Jun. 2025

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Article Navigation > Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering > 2025 > 13(2): 180-192

Long TV, Thao NB, Bang DD, et al. 2025. Application of the cumulative rainfall departure method in determination of deep groundwater recharge in Soc Trang Province, Vietnam. Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 13(2): 180-192 doi: 10.26599/JGSE.2025.9280048

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Application of the cumulative rainfall departure method in determination of deep groundwater recharge in Soc Trang Province, Vietnam

doi: 10.26599/JGSE.2025.9280048

1.
Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, 18 Vien Street, Duc Thang Ward, Bac Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam
2.
Institute of Geological Sciences, VAST, 84 Lane, Chua Lang Street, Lang Thuong Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam
3.
Center for Water Resources Warning and Forecast, Vietnam NAWAPI, No 93/95 Vu Xuan Thieu Street, Sai Dong Ward, Long Bien District, Hanoi, Vietnam

More Information

Corresponding author: N_V_Hoang_VDC@yahoo.com
Received Date: 2024-08-19
Accepted Date: 2025-03-25

Available Online: 2025-05-10

Publish Date: 2025-06-30

Abstract

Abstract

Groundwater (GW) is a vital freshwater resource extensively exploited in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta, especially during the dry seasons. This study applies the Cumulative Rainfall Departure (CRD) method to estimate GW recharge in deep aquifers of Soc Trang Province, located in the southernmost region of Vietnam under a tropical climate. Monthly rainfall records and daily GW level data of the aquifers from 2010 to 2020 were used. The Pearson correlation between observed GW levels and CDR model GW levels exceeds 0.995, indicating high model accuracy. The analysis reveals that the CRD fractions for the Upper Pleistocene (qp₃), Middle Pleistocene (qp_2-3), Lower Pleistocene (qp₁), and Middle Pliocene (n₂²) aquifers are 0.085%, 0.104%, 0.130%, and 0.180%, respectively, totaling approximately 0.5% of the annual rainfall. This corresponds to an annual GW recharge of 25.86 million m³, or 70,850 m³/day, equivalent to 70% of the current GW abstraction rate of 101,000 m³/day. Given the critical role of GW as a freshwater source, implementing an enhanced GW recharge program using surface water and rainwater is strongly recommended. Additionally, the analysis suggests that the decline in GW levels due to abstraction corresponds to 0.85 times the mean annual precipitation, a finding that warrants further investigation.
- Mekong delta,
- Tropical climate,
- Groundwater (GW) level,
- Mean precipitation,
- Pearson correlation

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References

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