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Effective groundwater level recovery from mining reduction: Case study of Baoding and Shijiazhuang Plain area

Tian Nan Chen Yue Wen-geng Cao En-lin Mu Yang Ou Zhen-sheng Lin Wei Kang

Nan T, Yue C, Cao WG, et al. 2023. Effective groundwater level recovery from mining reduction: Case study of Baoding and Shijiazhuang Plain area. Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 11(3): 278-293 doi:  10.26599/JGSE.2023.9280023
Citation: Nan T, Yue C, Cao WG, et al. 2023. Effective groundwater level recovery from mining reduction: Case study of Baoding and Shijiazhuang Plain area. Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 11(3): 278-293 doi:  10.26599/JGSE.2023.9280023

doi: 10.26599/JGSE.2023.9280023

Effective groundwater level recovery from mining reduction: Case study of Baoding and Shijiazhuang Plain area

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  • Figure  1.  Location of the study area

    Figure  2.  Research framework employed in this study

    Figure  3.  Schematic diagram of random forest

    Figure  4.  Fitting effect of groundwater flow field in Baoding and Shijiazhuang Plain

    Figure  5.  Comparison of change in annual effective mining reduction and coefficient of recharge variation (β), effective recovery of water level and contribution of water level recovery by reduction of mining (λ) in Baoding and Shijiazhuang Plains

    Figure  6.  Trends in effects of mining reduction in Baoding and Shijiazhuang Plains (a. Baoding; b. Shijiazhuang)

    Figure  7.  Trends in the contribution of water level restoration from mining reduction in Baoding and Shijiazhuang Plains

    Figure  8.  Comparison of the contribution of feature elements to water level changes in Baoding and Shijiazhuang Plain Area

    Table  1.   List of the feature variable dataset

    Cone of depression feature variable data set
    Class Indicator Source characteristic
    Meteorological factors Precipitation Statistical data Accumulative
    Evaporation Statistical data Accumulative
    Topographical factors Terrain slope Remote
    sensing data
    Distributive
    Surface elevation Remote
    sensing data
    Distributive
    Anthropogenic factors River
    recharge
    Statistical data Accumulative
    Mining volume Statistical data Accumulative
    Aquifer hydraulic properties Permeability
    coefficient
    Empirical
    parameter
    Distributive
    Specific yield Empirical
    parameter
    Distributive
    Labeled data
    Content Classification type
    Water level: Rise or not Yes (1)
    No (0)
    下载: 导出CSV

    Table  2.   List of parameters for calculating and evaluating the effect of water level recovery from mining reduction in Baoding Plain

    Evaluation area Area
    / km2
    Specific yield 2015 baseline recharge volume
    / 104 m3
    2015 mining volume
    / 104 m3
    2016 mining volume
    / 104 m3
    2017 mining volume
    / 104 m3
    2018 mining volume
    / 104 m3
    Plain area in Laishui County 263 0.20 18 423.13 7 495.30 7 042.9 6 806.9 5 968.3
    Plain area in Yi County 190 0.18 34 126.67 11 551.00 1 0651 10 265 4 613
    Zhuozhou 742 0.05 10 204.25 17 700.00 16 900 16 307 15 337
    Dingxing County 707 0.08 8 875.71 17 218.00 16 756 16 462 15 688
    Gaobeidian 672 0.08 10 058.09 12 034.00 11 644 11 276 10 714
    Tang County 252 0.08 16 833.70 7 835.00 7 228 6 850 6 460
    Shunping County 236 0.07 10 608.58 12 646.50 11 750 11 150 10 430
    Mancheng district 294 0.10 10 681.52 8 700.00 8 100 7 690 7 011
    Xushui district 727 0.08 8 991.97 13 628.00 12 535 12 640 10 320.2
    Rongcheng County 316 0.10 3 546.99 7 950.00 7 502 7 306 /
    Baoding Downtown Area 315 0.15 3 407.75 5 845.85 4 325 4 684 4 631.8
    Qingyuan district 863 0.14 11 139.53 20 510.00 19 339.43 18 232 17 055
    Anxin County 726 0.10 9 459.80 8 186.00 7 711.01 7 613.03 /
    Quyang County 427 0.10 17 272.07 3 965.00 3 630 3 520 3 300
    Wangdu County 374 0.08 6 055.51 10 144.45 9 422.38 8 792 8 178
    Anguo 486 0.10 5 915.52 13 920.00 13 025 12 364 11 138.3
    Boye County 340 0.08 3 994.77 8 522.00 7 840 7 393 6 953
    Li County 644 0.10 8 759.29 9 100.00 8 420 7 900 7 242
    Gaoyang County 487 0.08 5 634.43 8 100.00 7 550 7 003 6 620
    Xiong County 524 0.05 6 244.85 8 578.00 7 986 7 901 /
    Whole city 9585 0.10 210 234.11 213 629.10 199 357.72 192 154.93 151 659.6
    下载: 导出CSV

    Table  3.   List of parameters for calculating and evaluating the effect of water level recovery from mining reduction in Shijiazhuang Plain

    Evaluation area Area/km2 Specific yield 2015 baseline recharge volume/
    104 m3
    2015 mining volume
    / 104 m3
    2016 mining volume
    / 104 m3
    2017 mining volume
    / 104 m3
    2018 mining volume
    / 104 m3
    Downtown Area 429.4 0.12 8 132.224519 11 356 11 271 12 147 9 005
    Xingtang 422.0 0.1 10 656.92124 6 889.25 6 940.25 7 693 7 831
    Lingshou 128.3 0.12 3 236.08211 2 900.2 2 890 340 324
    Luquan 267.7 0.12 5 032.648822 7 650 7 130.65 5 431 5 435
    Yuanshi 315.5 0.1 6 102.918782 8 262.85 5 343.1 4 259 3 810
    Gaoyi 222.0 0.1 3 609.209271 6 196.5 5 776.6 6 035 5 830
    Zhao County 675.0 0.1 11 427.86402 19 523.65 19 050.2 19 190 18 679
    Luancheng 354.0 0.1 6 742.877551 8 667.45 7 642.35 8 992 8 381
    Gaocheng 813.0 0.07 13 344.11308 26 599.05 20 242.75 0 19 915
    Jinzhou 619.0 0.1 6 196.16712 16 195.9 15 310.2 17 718 13 361
    Shenze 301.0 0.1 6 173.60483 6 836.55 6 813.6 4 298 4 216
    Wuji 500.0 0.18 8 697.156923 11 475 11 475 12 500 12 175
    Zhengding 468.0 0.1 8 096.255698 16 260.5 15 130 9 663 7 268
    Xinle 525.0 0.1 10 188.89672 14 477.2 14 108.3 15 853 14 395
    Whole city 6990.9 0.1 106 807.0573 170 759.05 155 622.25 124 119 130 625
    下载: 导出CSV

    Table  4.   Effective mining reduction and coefficients of recharge variation in the Baoding Plain from 2016 to 2018

    Evaluation Area 2016 effective recovery of
    water level/ m
    λ/ % 2017effective recovery of water level/ m λ/ % 2018 effective recovery of water level/ m λ/ %
    Plain area in Laishui County 0.20 1.13 0.00 100.00 0.18 89.77
    Plain area in Yi County 0.55 0.74 0.00 100.00 1.68 14.87
    Zhuozhou 0.84 14.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
    Dingxing County 0.23 0.00 0.20 15.45 0.00 100.00
    Gaobeidian 0.11 59.61 0.00 100.00 0.00 100.00
    Tang County 0.00 0.00 0.31 18.40 0.14 35.68
    Shunping County 0.00 0.00 0.93 0.00 0.45 0.00
    Mancheng district 0.22 31.27 0.06 100.00 0.11 100.00
    Xushui district 0.36 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.33 0.00
    Rongcheng County 0.40 0.00 0.29 28.24 0.00 0.00
    Baoding Downtown Area 0.84 13.56 0.00 0.00 NA NA
    Qingyuan district 0.03 0.00 0.25 10.63 0.00 100.00
    Anxin County 0.00 0.00 0.13 21.89 NA NA
    Quyang County 0.09 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.15 95.06
    Wangdu County 0.00 0.00 0.41 0.00 0.00 100.00
    Anguo 0.15 26.38 0.02 100.00 0.00 100.00
    Boye County 0.00 0.00 0.78 0.95 0.00 100.00
    Li County 0.00 0.00 0.38 12.42 0.00 0.00
    Gaoyang County 0.00 0.00 0.40 8.93 0.00 NA
    Xiong County 0.42 0.00 0.00 100.00 NA 100.00
    Whole city 0.17 8.98 0.18 16.19 0.13 57.98
    下载: 导出CSV

    Table  5.   Effective mining reduction and coefficient of recharge variation in the Shijiazhuang Plain from 2016 to 2018

    Evaluation area 2016 Effective mining reduction/ 104 m3 β 2017 Effective mining reduction/ 104 m3 β 2018 Effective mining reduction/ 104 m3 β
    Downtown Area 2377.515 849 0.80 0.00 1.26 2930.48 1.02
    Xingtang 0 1.10 0 1.14 0 1.07
    Lingshou 584.491 5118 0.80 2 398.682988 1.45 0 1.06
    Luquan 2 780.984848 0.68 0 1.39 0 1.07
    Yuanshi 4 801.894876 0.65 0 1.45 236.0331701 1.06
    Gaoyi 2 257.20428 0.68 0 1.25 0 1.06
    Zhao County 5 059.534095 0.76 0.00 1.18 0.00 1.07
    Luancheng 3 135.757728 0.72 0.00 1.37 124.85 1.06
    Gaocheng 12 671.69238 0.69 2 0242.75 1.08 0.00 1.22
    Jinzhou 4 853.347933 0.74 0.00 1.05 4224.15 1.01
    Shenze 0 1.14 3033.84 0.88 0.00 1.06
    Wuji 2 612.186442 0.77 0.00 1.17 0.00 1.06
    Zhengding 4 040.841819 0.81 4 669.576455 1.08 2 136.717389 1.04
    Xinle 2 493.067936 0.85 0.00 1.22 698.00 1.05
    Whole city 47 668.52 0.78 30 344.85 1.17 10 350.24 1.07
    下载: 导出CSV

    Table  6.   Effective water level restoration by reduction of mining and effective recovery of water level in Shijiazhuang Plain from 2016 to 2018

    Evaluation area 2016 effective restoration of water level/ m λ/ % 2017 effective restoration of water level/ m λ/ % 2018 effective restoration of water level/ m λ/ %
    Downtown Area 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.57 100.00
    Xingtang 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
    Lingshou 0.38 22.10 1.56 36.00 0.00 100.00
    Luquan 0.87 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.00 0.00
    Yuanshi 1.52 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.07 0.00
    Gaoyi 1.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
    Zhao County 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
    Luancheng 0.89 21.47 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00
    Gaocheng 2.23 0.00 3.56 17.00 0.00 0.00
    Jinzhou 0.78 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.68 42.00
    Shenze 0.00 0.00 1.01 0.00 0.00 100.00
    Wuji 0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
    Zhengding 0.86 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.46 71.00
    Xinle 0.47 5.42 0.00 0.00 0.13 117.00
    Whole city 0.79 1.97 0.50 22.00 0.17 76.00
    下载: 导出CSV

    Table  7.   Comparison of 2016 water level restoration calculation results and simulation results in Baoding Plain

    Evaluation area 2016 effective water level restoration/ m 2016 restoration calculated by model/ m
    Plain area in Laishui County 0.20 0.070
    Plain area in Yi County 0.55 0.100
    Zhuozhou 0.84 0.660
    Dingxing County 0.23 0.170
    Gaobeidian 0.11 0.180
    Tang County 0.00 0.070
    Shunping County 0.00 0.050
    Mancheng district 0.22 0.180
    Xushui district 0.36 0.290
    Rongcheng County 0.40 0.330
    Baoding Downtown Area 0.84 0.650
    Qingyuan district 0.03 0.020
    Anxin County 0.00 0.002
    Quyang County 0.09 0.001
    Wangdu County 0.00 0.001
    Anguo 0.15 0.000
    Boye County 0.00 0.000
    Li County 0.00 0.000
    Gaoyang County 0.00 0.000
    Xiong County 0.42 0.390
    Whole city 0.17 0.150
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2023-01-12
  • 录用日期:  2023-05-09
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-09-15
  • 刊出日期:  2023-09-15

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