Tran Vu Long; Nguyen Bach Thao; Dao Duc Bang; Kieu Thi Van Anh; Vu Thu Hien; Duong Thi Thanh Thuy; Tran Quang Tuan; Nguyen Van Hoang; Doan Anh Tuan; Dang Tran Trung

doi:10.26599/JGSE.2025.9280048

doi: 10.26599/JGSE.2025.9280048

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-08-19
- 录用日期: 2025-03-25
- 网络出版日期: 2025-05-10
- 刊出日期: 2025-06-30

Application of the cumulative rainfall departure method in determination of deep groundwater recharge in Soc Trang Province, Vietnam

1.
Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, 18 Vien Street, Duc Thang Ward, Bac Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam
2.
Institute of Geological Sciences, VAST, 84 Lane, Chua Lang Street, Lang Thuong Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam
3.
Center for Water Resources Warning and Forecast, Vietnam NAWAPI, No 93/95 Vu Xuan Thieu Street, Sai Dong Ward, Long Bien District, Hanoi, Vietnam

More Information

Corresponding author: N_V_Hoang_VDC@yahoo.com

摘要

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Abstract: Groundwater (GW) is a vital freshwater resource extensively exploited in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta, especially during the dry seasons. This study applies the Cumulative Rainfall Departure (CRD) method to estimate GW recharge in deep aquifers of Soc Trang Province, located in the southernmost region of Vietnam under a tropical climate. Monthly rainfall records and daily GW level data of the aquifers from 2010 to 2020 were used. The Pearson correlation between observed GW levels and CDR model GW levels exceeds 0.995, indicating high model accuracy. The analysis reveals that the CRD fractions for the Upper Pleistocene (qp₃), Middle Pleistocene (qp_2-3), Lower Pleistocene (qp₁), and Middle Pliocene (n₂²) aquifers are 0.085%, 0.104%, 0.130%, and 0.180%, respectively, totaling approximately 0.5% of the annual rainfall. This corresponds to an annual GW recharge of 25.86 million m³, or 70,850 m³/day, equivalent to 70% of the current GW abstraction rate of 101,000 m³/day. Given the critical role of GW as a freshwater source, implementing an enhanced GW recharge program using surface water and rainwater is strongly recommended. Additionally, the analysis suggests that the decline in GW levels due to abstraction corresponds to 0.85 times the mean annual precipitation, a finding that warrants further investigation.
- Mekong delta /
- Tropical climate /
- Groundwater (GW) level /
- Mean precipitation /
- Pearson correlation

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Figure 1. Location map of Southern Vietnam, Vietnamese Mekong delta, study area and GW monitoring wells

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Figure 2. Hydrogeological cross-section along Line AB

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Figure 3. GW levels of aquifers qh (monitoring well Q1770) and qp₁ (monitoring well Q5980)

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Figure 4. GW levels of qp₃ and qp_2-3 aquifer, monitored by monitoring well Q5970

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Figure 5. GW levels of qp₃, qp₁, and n₂² aquifers from 1 Jan. 2010 to 31 Dec. 2023, monitored by monitoring well Q4090 in Soc Trang city

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Figure 6. Correlation between 2010-2023 GW levels of qp₃, qp_2-3 and n₂² in monitoring well Q4090 in Soc Trang City

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Figure 7. Observed and CRD-simulated WL fluctuations of qp₃ aquifer during Oct. 2010-Apr. 2020

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Figure 8. Observed and CRD-simulated WL fluctuations of qp₁ aquifer during Oct. 2010-Apr. 2020

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Figure 9. Observed and CRD-simulated WL fluctuations of n₂² aquifer during Oct. 2010-Apr. 2020

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Table 1. Determined net recharge values using the CRD method

Aquifer	R_t	Pearson correlation coef. (r)	Annual rainfall/mm	Percentage of rainfall/%	Annual net recharge/mm
qp₃	1.25	0.997	1,555	0.085	1.32
qp_2-3			1,555	0.104 (estimated)	1.62
qp₁	1.20	0.995	1,555	0.130	2.02
n₂²	2.50	0.996	1,555	0.180	2.80
			Average: 1,555	Total: 0.499	Total: 7.76
			The whole Soc Trang area of 3,332 km²:		25.86×10⁶ m³/year
			The whole Soc Trang area of 3,332 km²:		70,850 m³/day

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参考文献(41)

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